Skip to main content

This is a redesigned guidance page - your feedback will help us to improve it.

Solution architect

Find out what a solution architect in government does and the skills you need to do the job at each level.

Published 28 February 2024

What a solution architect does

A solution architect designs solutions for problems that affect the organisation.

In this role, you will:

  • ensure a problem and the desired outcomes are properly defined
  • ensure the scope of a solution meets the organisation's requirements
  • stay up to date on technology trends and approaches
  • understand organisational objectives and external drivers, for example, legislation or financial constraints
  • work with others to develop business and technical strategies
  • work within business and technical constraints
  • design and document solutions so they can be implemented by the organisation
  • comply with standards and governance
  • communicate and work effectively with stakeholders
  • manage risks and decisions in a transparent way

Solution architect role levels

There are 5 solution architect role levels, from associate solution architect to principal solution architect.

The typical responsibilities and skills for each role level are described in the sections below. You can use this to identify the skills you need to progress in your career, or simply to learn more about each role in the Government Digital and Data profession.

1. Associate solution architect

An associate solution architect supports other solution architects to design solutions. You will usually work under supervision.

At this role level, you will:

  • support the design of solutions by working with stakeholders
  • help your team achieve its objectives
Skill Description

Architect for the whole context

Level: awareness

Awareness is the first of 4 ascending skill levels

You can:

  • identify relevant information that can inform your architectural work, such as strategies, roadmaps, policies and technical trends
  • understand how your work supports the team in enabling change​

Architecture communication

Level: awareness

Awareness is the first of 4 ascending skill levels

You can:

  • show an awareness of different ways of creating architecture representations for a limited audience, including technical and non-technical stakeholders
  • gather and explain information to be used in architecture representations

Commercial perspective

Level: awareness

Awareness is the first of 4 ascending skill levels

You can:

  • show an awareness of government commercial processes
  • show an awareness of legal and compliance rules

Governance and assurance

Level: awareness

Awareness is the first of 4 ascending skill levels

You can:

  • understand technical governance
  • participate in the assurance of a service

Life cycle perspective

Level: awareness

Awareness is the first of 4 ascending skill levels

You can:

  • understand how the needs of the team and the product vary across the stages of the product life cycle

Making and guiding decisions

Level: awareness

Awareness is the first of 4 ascending skill levels

You can:

  • recommend decisions and describe the reasoning behind them
  • identify and articulate technical disputes between direct peers and local stakeholders

Problem definition and shaping

Level: awareness

Awareness is the first of 4 ascending skill levels

You can:

  • show an awareness of the strategic context of your work and why it is important
  • support strategic planning

Requirements definition and management

Level: awareness

Awareness is the first of 4 ascending skill levels

You can:

  • support identifying, analysing, capturing and validating business and user requirements
  • work under supervision to manage requirements and support their prioritisation, within a defined scope
  • provide distinct task-based outputs for parts of the project as directed, using a predetermined requirements management life cycle

Strategy

Level: awareness

Awareness is the first of 4 ascending skill levels

You can:

  • describe the purpose and application of strategy, standards, patterns, policies, roadmaps and vision statements

Systems design

Level: awareness

Awareness is the first of 4 ascending skill levels

You can:

  • assist as part of a team in the design of components of larger systems

Technical breadth

Level: awareness

Awareness is the first of 4 ascending skill levels

You can:

  • show an awareness of a range of tools and techniques for test automation
  • demonstrate some technical attributes

2. Solution architect

A solution architect is responsible for a single solution. They usually work independently on solutions where risk is low. They also often support or contribute to work led by more senior solution architects.

At this role level, you will:

  • build relationships with stakeholders across different business or technical areas in the organisation
  • be proactive in identifying opportunities to improve the organisation
  • follow best practice for solution design
  • use emerging technologies and approaches
  • help your team achieve its objectives
Skill Description

Architect for the whole context

Level: awareness

Awareness is the first of 4 ascending skill levels

You can:

  • identify relevant information that can inform your architectural work, such as strategies, roadmaps, policies and technical trends
  • understand how your work supports the team in enabling change​

Architecture communication

Level: working

Working is the second of 4 ascending skill levels

You can:

  • listen to the needs of technical and business stakeholders
  • create and use different architecture representations to communicate effectively, achieving agreement with technical and non-technical stakeholders
  • provide support in discussions about architectural topics within a multidisciplinary team

Commercial perspective

Level: awareness

Awareness is the first of 4 ascending skill levels

You can:

  • show an awareness of government commercial processes
  • show an awareness of legal and compliance rules

Governance and assurance

Level: awareness

Awareness is the first of 4 ascending skill levels

You can:

  • understand technical governance
  • participate in the assurance of a service

Life cycle perspective

Level: awareness

Awareness is the first of 4 ascending skill levels

You can:

  • understand how the needs of the team and the product vary across the stages of the product life cycle

Making and guiding decisions

Level: awareness

Awareness is the first of 4 ascending skill levels

You can:

  • recommend decisions and describe the reasoning behind them
  • identify and articulate technical disputes between direct peers and local stakeholders

Problem definition and shaping

Level: awareness

Awareness is the first of 4 ascending skill levels

You can:

  • show an awareness of the strategic context of your work and why it is important
  • support strategic planning

Requirements definition and management

Level: awareness

Awareness is the first of 4 ascending skill levels

You can:

  • support identifying, analysing, capturing and validating business and user requirements
  • work under supervision to manage requirements and support their prioritisation, within a defined scope
  • provide distinct task-based outputs for parts of the project as directed, using a predetermined requirements management life cycle

Strategy

Level: awareness

Awareness is the first of 4 ascending skill levels

You can:

  • describe the purpose and application of strategy, standards, patterns, policies, roadmaps and vision statements

Systems design

Level: working

Working is the second of 4 ascending skill levels

You can:

  • translate logical designs into physical designs
  • produce detailed designs
  • effectively document all work using required standards, methods and tools, including prototyping tools where appropriate
  • design systems characterised by managed levels of risk, manageable business and technical complexity, and meaningful impact
  • work with well understood technology and identify appropriate patterns

Technical breadth

Level: working

Working is the second of 4 ascending skill levels

You can:

  • use a range of technologies for testing
  • use one type of tool to write test scripts
  • use technologies to design and execute test cases under guidance

3. Senior solution architect

A senior solution architect is responsible for a single, more complex, solution. They usually work on solutions where the risk is moderate. They may lead and coach other solution architects.

At this role level, you will:

  • build relationships with senior stakeholders across different business or technical areas in the organisation
  • be proactive in identifying opportunities to improve the organisation
  • support multiple architecture projects
  • find and use emerging technologies and approaches
  • support others to follow best practice for solution architecture
Skill Description

Architect for the whole context

Level: working

Working is the second of 4 ascending skill levels

You can:

  • align your work with the work being done by other architects and technical professionals
  • track emerging issues, strategies, roadmaps, patterns and technologies over time to assess opportunities and risks to your work
  • identify how other teams contribute to delivering outcomes through change

Architecture communication

Level: practitioner

Practitioner is the third of 4 ascending skill levels

You can:

  • lead the communication of complicated, complex or risky architecture topics with technical and non-technical stakeholders
  • communicate with senior stakeholders across your organisation
  • adapt your message and communication techniques to your audience
  • advocate on behalf of a team to other stakeholders
  • manage stakeholder expectations effectively

Commercial perspective

Level: working

Working is the second of 4 ascending skill levels

You can:

  • understand commercial processes and the appropriate internal contacts within a government department
  • understand different sourcing strategies and when to apply them

Governance and assurance

Level: working

Working is the second of 4 ascending skill levels

You can:

  • understand how governance works and what governance is required
  • take responsibility for the assurance of a service and know what risks need to be managed

Life cycle perspective

Level: working

Working is the second of 4 ascending skill levels

You can:

  • recognise when to move from one stage of a product life cycle to another
  • ensure the team is working towards the appropriate service standards for the relevant phase
  • manage the delivery of products and services at different phases

Making and guiding decisions

Level: working

Working is the second of 4 ascending skill levels

You can:

  • make decisions characterised by managed levels of risk and complexity, and recommend decisions as risk and complexity increase
  • resolve technical disputes between wider peers and indirect stakeholders, considering all views and opinions

Problem definition and shaping

Level: working

Working is the second of 4 ascending skill levels

You can:

  • work within a strategic context and communicate how activities meet strategic goals

Requirements definition and management

Level: working

Working is the second of 4 ascending skill levels

You can:

  • identify, analyse, challenge and validate business and user requirements
  • work under limited supervision to co-ordinate and review the prioritisation of requirements
  • use appropriate requirements management life cycle methods to complete tasks and outputs related to the project

Strategy

Level: working

Working is the second of 4 ascending skill levels

You can:

  • apply strategy, using and challenging patterns, standards, policies, roadmaps and vision statements
  • provide guidance

Systems design

Level: practitioner

Practitioner is the third of 4 ascending skill levels

You can:

  • design systems characterised by medium levels of risk, impact, and business or technical complexity
  • select appropriate design standards, methods and tools, and ensure they are applied effectively
  • review the systems designs of others to ensure the selection of appropriate technology, efficient use of resources and integration of multiple systems and technology

Technical breadth

Level: practitioner

Practitioner is the third of 4 ascending skill levels

You can:

  • demonstrate a good working knowledge of different tools and techniques, and can train others
  • advise others on testing techniques and frameworks
  • effectively research, plan and train others within the team

4. Lead solution architect

A lead solution architect is responsible for a group of solution architecture projects, or a single more complex area. They may lead teams of more junior solution architects.

At this role level, you will:

  • build relationships with senior stakeholders across multiple business or technical areas in the organisation
  • be proactive in identifying opportunities to improve the organisation
  • support multiple architecture projects or programmes
  • find and use emerging technologies and approaches
  • develop best practice for solution architecture
Skill Description

Architect for the whole context

Level: practitioner

Practitioner is the third of 4 ascending skill levels

You can:

  • work to support wider organisational objectives beyond your immediate goals​
  • track emerging internal and external issues over time that could affect the work of teams across the organisation
  • take action to solve or mitigate problems by influencing colleagues across the organisation

Architecture communication

Level: practitioner

Practitioner is the third of 4 ascending skill levels

You can:

  • lead the communication of complicated, complex or risky architecture topics with technical and non-technical stakeholders
  • communicate with senior stakeholders across your organisation
  • adapt your message and communication techniques to your audience
  • advocate on behalf of a team to other stakeholders
  • manage stakeholder expectations effectively

Commercial perspective

Level: working

Working is the second of 4 ascending skill levels

You can:

  • understand commercial processes and the appropriate internal contacts within a government department
  • understand different sourcing strategies and when to apply them

Governance and assurance

Level: working

Working is the second of 4 ascending skill levels

You can:

  • understand how governance works and what governance is required
  • take responsibility for the assurance of a service and know what risks need to be managed

Life cycle perspective

Level: practitioner

Practitioner is the third of 4 ascending skill levels

You can:

  • apply experience in multiple parts of the product life cycle
  • recognise when it is right to move forward and when it is right to stop
  • recognise the appropriate deliverables and the right people to meet them
  • work with other Agile delivery operations throughout the product life cycle
  • plan and engage with the appropriate stakeholders at a particular stage in the project

Making and guiding decisions

Level: practitioner

Practitioner is the third of 4 ascending skill levels

You can:

  • make decisions characterised by medium levels of risk and complexity, and recommend decisions as risk and complexity increase
  • build consensus between services or independent stakeholders

Problem definition and shaping

Level: working

Working is the second of 4 ascending skill levels

You can:

  • work within a strategic context and communicate how activities meet strategic goals

Requirements definition and management

Level: working

Working is the second of 4 ascending skill levels

You can:

  • identify, analyse, challenge and validate business and user requirements
  • work under limited supervision to co-ordinate and review the prioritisation of requirements
  • use appropriate requirements management life cycle methods to complete tasks and outputs related to the project

Strategy

Level: practitioner

Practitioner is the third of 4 ascending skill levels

You can:

  • define and challenge strategies, patterns, standards, policies, roadmaps and vision statements
  • provide proactive advice and guidance for their definition across the organisation

Systems design

Level: practitioner

Practitioner is the third of 4 ascending skill levels

You can:

  • design systems characterised by medium levels of risk, impact, and business or technical complexity
  • select appropriate design standards, methods and tools, and ensure they are applied effectively
  • review the systems designs of others to ensure the selection of appropriate technology, efficient use of resources and integration of multiple systems and technology

Technical breadth

Level: expert

Expert is the fourth of 4 ascending skill levels

You can:

  • act as an adviser with a strategic understanding of IT trends and technologies
  • write and publish papers
  • demonstrate knowledge of emerging tools and techniques
  • set up frameworks based on the needs of the team
  • effectively work across different tools and software languages

5. Principal solution architect

A principal solution architect can be responsible for a large programme or group of solution architecture projects, or a single, very complex or critical business area.

At this role level, you will:

  • lead teams of more junior solution architects
  • lead multiple architecture projects or programmes
  • build relationships with senior stakeholders across multiple business or technical areas in the organisation and its partners
  • be proactive in identifying opportunities to improve the organisation and its partners
  • work with technology partners to inform their roadmaps
  • take a leading role in the overall direction of business and digital capabilities
  • inspire other architects and help them understand how to meet organisational goals
Skill Description

Architect for the whole context

Level: expert

Expert is the fourth of 4 ascending skill levels

You can:

  • assess how trends in society and industry practices might impact the organisation
  • work with people outside of your organisation to inform policies, strategies and standards
  • anticipate changes to policy and build resilience through your architectural work
  • coach others in identifying important trends

Architecture communication

Level: expert

Expert is the fourth of 4 ascending skill levels

You can:

  • communicate with technical and non-technical stakeholders at all levels, and across organisations, using architecture communication techniques​
  • mediate between people in difficult architectural discussions
  • gain support from business and technical stakeholders for architectural initiatives with high levels of risk, impact and complexity
  • coach and support others in architecture communication

Commercial perspective

Level: practitioner

Practitioner is the third of 4 ascending skill levels

You can:

  • identify appropriate contractual frameworks and approaches
  • identify, evaluate and select appropriate suppliers

Governance and assurance

Level: practitioner

Practitioner is the third of 4 ascending skill levels

You can:

  • evolve and define governance
  • take responsibility for working with and supporting other staff in wider governance
  • assure services across sets of services
  • use tools such as standards, guardrails and principles to effectively govern delivery

Life cycle perspective

Level: practitioner

Practitioner is the third of 4 ascending skill levels

You can:

  • apply experience in multiple parts of the product life cycle
  • recognise when it is right to move forward and when it is right to stop
  • recognise the appropriate deliverables and the right people to meet them
  • work with other Agile delivery operations throughout the product life cycle
  • plan and engage with the appropriate stakeholders at a particular stage in the project

Making and guiding decisions

Level: practitioner

Practitioner is the third of 4 ascending skill levels

You can:

  • make decisions characterised by medium levels of risk and complexity, and recommend decisions as risk and complexity increase
  • build consensus between services or independent stakeholders

Problem definition and shaping

Level: practitioner

Practitioner is the third of 4 ascending skill levels

You can:

  • define strategies and policies, providing guidance to others on working in the strategic context
  • evaluate current strategies to ensure business requirements are being met and exceeded where possible

Requirements definition and management

Level: practitioner

Practitioner is the third of 4 ascending skill levels

You can:

  • advise on the approach to requirements management within a project or programme
  • define the most appropriate requirements management life cycle methods and ensure the requirement can be traced in the design, build, test, tender and evaluation phases
  • co-ordinate and review the prioritisation of requirements and engage in the negotiation of solutions to help meet programme objectives

Strategy

Level: expert

Expert is the fourth of 4 ascending skill levels

You can:

  • shape and influence government strategy
  • own and be responsible for setting strategies, patterns, standards, policies, roadmaps and vision statements

Systems design

Level: expert

Expert is the fourth of 4 ascending skill levels

You can:

  • design systems characterised by high levels of risk, impact, and business or technical complexity
  • control system design practice within an enterprise or industry architecture
  • influence industry-based models for the development of new technology applications
  • develop effective implementation and procurement strategies, consistent with business needs
  • ensure adherence to relevant technical strategies, policies, standards and practices

Technical breadth

Level: expert

Expert is the fourth of 4 ascending skill levels

You can:

  • act as an adviser with a strategic understanding of IT trends and technologies
  • write and publish papers
  • demonstrate knowledge of emerging tools and techniques
  • set up frameworks based on the needs of the team
  • effectively work across different tools and software languages
Role Shared skills
Enterprise architect

Commercial perspective

Governance and assurance

Making and guiding decisions

Problem definition and shaping

Technical architect

Governance and assurance

Making and guiding decisions

Strategy

Network architect

Governance and assurance

Systems design

Business analyst

Requirements definition and management

Business architect

Making and guiding decisions

Updates

Published 28 February 2024

Last updated 28 February 2024

28 February 2024

  • First published